Magneto-machine.



H. F. susr. MAGHETU MACHINE.

APPLICATION HLED AFB. \2. [9H5- 1 ,267,755 Patented May 28, 1918.

4 SHEETS SHiET 2.

H. F. GUST.

MAGNETO MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12. 1915 1 ,267,755. Patented May 28, l9l8 4 SHET$-SHEET 3| HARRY F. GEIST, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN,

WEBSTER ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF RACINE,

CONSIN.

ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WIS- MAGNETO-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 28, 1918.

' Application filed April 12, 1916. Serial No. 90,831.

'10 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY F. Grns'r, a citizen of the United States, residin at Racine, in the'county ofRacine and tate of 'isconsin, have invented a ertain new and useful Improvement in Magneto-Machines, of which the followin is a ful clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawifigs, forming a pfirt of this specification.

y invention relates to magnetos -for ignition purposes, and more specifically stated, my present invention is directed toward the provision of an efficient high tension magneto of the unwound oscillating rotor type. The embodiment of my invention hereine after described in detail is characterized ma.

only by its electric'and magnetic efliciency,

but also by the simplicity of its construction and the ease with which its several componcnt parts may be assembled in the course of manufacture Inasmuch as my invention will more read ily be understood from a description read in connection with the accompanying draw- .ings, I shalljwithout further introduction proceed to the detailed description of my improved magneto machine.

In the accompanying drawin Figure 1 is a front elevationa view of my improved ignition magneto.

Fig. is a somewhat similar view illustratiug the magneto with certain parts re moved to reveal the windings and interrupter devices.

Fig. 3 is a view partly n' section and partlyin elevation, taken in vertical plane on the line 33 of Fig. 1, ind'looking in the direction indicated by tlie arrows.

Fig. 4 is a view partly imhorizonta] sectionan'd partly in to plan, taken on the line H of Fig. 3, an looking in the direction indicated b the arrows. e

Fig. 5 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section, the section being taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a more or less diagrammatic view somewhat similar to Fig. 5, but ill'ustratin the rotor in the position to which it is move and released by the engine driven actuator.

Fig. 7 is an isolated view in perspective of one of the coil carrying ole pieces with which the machine is provi ed.

-compr1ses a "plurality of substantia 1 carried a primary or It will be noted that the laminae 12 are at poles rest. and are secured.

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the primary and secondary ClICUll'I connections and Fig. 9 is a diagram of a mfbdificd circuit arrangement.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views. 60

Referring first to'Figs. 1 to e'inclusive, it

will be noted that the machine framework comprises the permanent front and rear plates indicated at 10 and 11 respectively. Clamped between the/ends of the plates 10 6B and 11 by rivets passing therethrough are the pole pieces of the machine, each of which s indicated as a whole by thereforence numeral 12. As most clearl shown In Figs. 5 and 7, each of the e ieces E sw ped soft iron laminae 12, each of W ich hasl tsouter edge provided with steps to receim the poles of permanent, horse shoe magnets: 13-13, the ma co: being securely clamped in position upon thej pole icce laminae by clamping plates 14-; eac of said clamping plates being secured o the adjacent ends of the permanent front .md rear plates 10 and 11 by screws or otherwise; and provided with a central boss through. which is threaded a set screw 15; gvhereby the horse shoe magnets 13-13'firsecurely clamped in position.

Each of the pole ieces 12 co prises in addition to the su stantially E shaped; laminae L2 a plurality of supplemental soft iron laminae 12, whicHMperatewiththe. middle projections ofthe 'E'shaped laminae to provide a laririnated'inetal polar projec- -tion of considerable width, uponwhich is generating'winding 16.

their outer edges provided withsteppedextensions symmetrical with the corresponding. stepped extensions ofthe E} shaped laminae 12" and with the latter providing laminated soft iron shelves upon which the frnagnet Disposed arouiid each-of the windings isa secondary winding in icated at'17. It will noticed that although each of the pole pi ces comprises three polar projections, in each case the middle PI'OJBCFOII only carries windings. Attention is direc echo the fact that the un- 10b wound-polar projections of each pole piece are of small breadth as, compared to the middle or wound projections. However,

each of the unwound polar projections is, at its extremity providd with blocks 12 of cold rolled steel, each pair of the steel blocks 12 together with the laminae 12 constituting an unwound polar projection of substantially T shape. As is most clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the inner faces of the permanent front and rear plates are provided with channels or depressions 18-18, into which the blocks 12 extend. The blocks 12 are thus held against displacement. Moreover, rivets 1919 extending through registering openings in the front and rear plates, pole piece laminae 12" and blocks 12", serve securely to retain all of these parts together. 'lhe extremities of the several pole piece projections are provided with curved faces arranged to cotiperate with the projections or prongs of a rotor or inductor presently to be described.

The front and rear plates 10 and 11 have openings therethrough to permit access to the windings and pole pieces, the insertion of the rotor, etc. Secured upon the permanent rear plate 11 is a removable plate 20, which provides a bearin 21 for one end of the rotor shaft 22. Proyecting from the inner face of the plate 20 is an annular flange 23, which overlaps the ends of the" rimary and secordary windings and e ectually serves to prevent displacement of the said windings. As is most clearly shown in Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive, the margins of the permanent front plate 10 are cut away to permit the insertion of a block 24 secured in position by screws 24 extendin through the "block 24 and' engaging in tie permanent front plate 10.

The block 24 provides a bearing for the rotor shaft and is moreover provided with an annular flange 25 which in part serves the same purpose as the flange 23 of the removable rear plate 20. However, inasmuch as the outer face of the block 24 lies substantially flush with the outer face of the permanent front plate by which it is carried, the body of the bloc 24 in a measure serves as a means for preventing displacement of the primary and secondary windings, the flange 25 serving merely to increase the depth of the. block effective for this purpose.

The block 24 ;not only serves to journal the rotor shaft, but also carries the devices for interrupting the primary circuit atthe proper time in the cycle ofthe operation of the ma eto machine. Carried by the block 24 at t e upper'end thereof but insulated therefrom by suitable insulation 26, is a'coiiductor plate 2'l, from which extends a lug 28,in which is threaded an adjustable screw 29 carrying a fixed interrupter contact'30 of any suitable material, for instance, of tungstem The conductor plate 27 is conveniently connected in the insulated side of the-primary circuit by means of a screw 31 extending through insulating bushings 32 and 33' carried by the block 24. and ermanent'front plate 10 respectively. I s all not at this time go into a description of the circuit con-, nections, but shall defer description of the circuits and the operation of the machine until the structural features of the machine have been more fully ex lained.

Pivoted upon the bloc 24 isa small bell crank lever 34, having one arm thereof provided with an interrupter contact. 30, normally held in engagement with the fixed interrupter contact 30 previously referred to, and as is most clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. A leaf sprin 35 having one end thereof secured to a sum 1 bracket or lug 36 and its other end secured to the contact carrying arm of lever 34, normally retains interrupter contact 30" in engagement with its cooperating contact .30. The power arm of the lever 34 lies immediately adjacent to a cam 37 carried by and conveniently'keyseated uponthe rotor shaft 22. I shall resently explain how in the operation 0, the machine the cam 37 serves to actuate the lever 34 and thus to effect the separation of the interrupter contacts. I, V

Secured by screws to the permanent 'front plate 10 is a. removable plate 38 dished outwardly at its middle portiontoaccommodate the interrupter devices supported by the block 24 as previously described. The top of plate 38 terminates short of the top of the block 24 and the said plate 38 is provided with a pair of: spaced vertical walls 39 with an op'eningbetween them, whereb or purposes of'adj stment, access may hadto the interruJrzer devices withoutdisturbing the plate 8. A readily removable sheet metal cap 40 fits around the vertical walls 39-439 and overthe top .of'block 24, as is most clearly shown in Fig. 3, thus effectively preventin dust and dirt from entering the interior 0 the mechanism.

Although the rotor shaft 22 necessarily extends through the' plate 3.8, th late is not intendedto serve as a bearing', b ock 24 and removable rear plate20 being designed to journal the rotor shaft, as has. been herein: before explaihed' Keyed or:

otherwise fixed upon the forward end of the rotor shaft is a yoke 41 pro;

vided at its extremities with anti-friction rollers 42. The clamping plates 14 are provided with forwardly extending arms 14:

provided with anti friction rollers 42". Each arm of .the yoke is connected with one of thearms 14 y a relativel heavy and stron spring 43. The ends of t e springs 43 take around the rollers 42 and 42, as is most,

Carried by the rear end of the rotor shaft 22 and keyed to the latter is a trip finger 4t arranged to be engaged, oscillated and released by an engine. driven actuator indi cated by dotted lines at 45 in Fig. 1. The magneto machine is provided with stud bolts 46-i6, whereby it may be mounted at any convenient place upon or adjacent to the framework of the engine with which the magneto is associated. I have not thought it necessary to illustrate the engine driven ictuator in detail, as the general characteristics of such mechanisms are now quite well known in the art to which my present invention relates. It will suffice to say that at the proper time in the cycle of engine operation the actuating rod 45 engages the magneto trip-finger 44 and moves thelatter together witli the rotor shaft and parts carried thereby against the action of springs 43L3. and then releases the trip fin er. At this p'oint I will'state that in Patent 1.16%),612, granted in the name of \Valter Brown on January 25. 1916, is illustrated a form of so-called starting lever that is admirably adapted for use in connection with my present magneto machine.f0r the purpose of actuating the mechanism to produce the initial or startin spark.

The rotor or inductor which ismost clearlyshown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, is fixed upon the rotor shaft and consists of a. plurality of soft/iron laminae riveted together to constitute a unitary inductor structure having four radial arms or prongs. The normal position of the inductor is illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 5, illustrating the rotor in the position to which it is moved by the engine driven actuator and released.

The laminated rotor or inductor indicated at 47 com rises'four arms or prongs as before stat one pairof said arms or prongs bein .provided with comparatively broad faced extremities and the other pair with relatively narrowfaced extremities. As is most clearly shown in Fig. 6, when the rotor is moved to its actuated or release position, the narrow faced inductor arms occupy positions midway between and a substantial distance from their respective adjacent'unwound polar projections. When the rotor is in this same position the broad faced inductor arms coiiperate with the middle or wound polar projections to direct the magnetic flux throu 'h the primary windings. vVhen the trip fi nger of the rotor shaft is released from the engine driven actuator the springs 43-43 serve quickly to more the inductor to a position such that each of its prbngs cooperates with one of the "i; wound pole piece projections to short circuit the magnetic flux outside of the primary windings. Inasmuch as the faces of the broad faced inductor prongs are wider than the wound polar projections with which they cooperate the inductor prongs are not located exactly ninety degrees apart, but on the contrary. each of the broad faced prongs is located a trifle closer to one of the narrow faced prongs than it is to the other narrow faced prong, in order that the broad faced prongs may assume the 50st tions shown in Fig. 6 when the narrow faced prongs are in a position midway between their adjacent unwound pole piece projections. V

As is most clearly shown in Figs. 3 and a sheet of insulating material 48 lies across the top of the pole pieces in the space spanned by the horse shoe magnets 1313. This insulating material 48 together with the sheet metal cap 49 secured to the tops of the front and rear plates 10 and 11 by screws, constitutes a housing for a suitable condenser 50, most clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5. As is shown in Fig. 3, an insulating sleeve or stud 51 projects from the permanent. rear plate 11, and it is through this insulating sleeve or stud 51 that H the insulated conductor of the secondary or high tension circuit extends. The sleeve 51 is conveniently provided with any suitable terminal or clip forinstance, of the type illustrated'-at 52 in order that the conductor led through sleeve 51 may be connected with the insulated or ungrounded terminal of a spark plug. 'As the common practice in ignition systems, both the secondary and primary circuits have one'side thereof insulated and the other side grounded, i. (a. grounded to the magnetoframe or magneto frame and engine frame. Connected with the insulated side of the secondary circuit and projecting from the sleeve 51 1s a conductor arm.'53 provided at its free extremity with air. electrode 54, which is spaced from and disposed directly opposite an electrode 55 carried by and conveniently cast integral with the permanent rear plate 11. It will be understood'that the electrodes 54 and 55 constitute a so-called safety gap", across which a spark may pass if, due to some fault in the outside circuit, the spark cannot pass at the spark plug electrodes.

The circuit arrangement is diagrammatically illustrated in Fi 8. It will be noted that the primary wiuc ings are connected in ondary windings 1717 are connected in a series circuit having one side thereof ground ed and the insulated side thereof led to the insulated electrode of an ordinary spark plug illustrated at 56, the other spark plug electrodebeing grounded ina well known manner. As has been previously explained, the spaced electrodes ,54 and 5:) of the emergency gap are ositioncd between the ground and the insu ated side of the secondary circuit to take a spark if for any reason, when a sparking current is induced in the second ary circuit, a spark cannot pass at the spark plug electrodes.

The modified circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 9 diflers essentially from that of Fig. 8 only inthat in addition to the condenser 50 common to both of the rimary windings there is provided a pair 0 supplemental condensers 50", connected in shunt of'the condenser 50 with the conductor intermediate the condensers 50 connected with the conductor which connects the pri mary windings 1616 in series, whereby each of the condensers 50 is individual to one of the primary windings in contra distinction to the condenser 50, which is common to both of the primary windings.

' Havin now in some detail described the construction and electrical connections of my improved high tension magneto machine, I shall explain the operation thereof.

When the engine driven rod or actuator engages and moves the trip finger of the rotor shaft to its actuated or release p0sition, the rotor asumes the position shown in F1 6, and it Wlll be seen that practically all 0 the magnetic flux is then directed through the middle projections of the pole pieces 12. After the rotor has been moved to the position shown in Fig. 6 and then released, the springs 4343 serve quickly to move the rotor back toward and slightly past its normal position, shown in Fig.

5, the slight overthrow of the rotor serving ,to cause the cam 37 to eTgage the interrupter lever 34 and thus 0 )en .the primary circuit at the interrupter :ontacts. .l/Vhen the rotor is thus by springs l3-l3 carried to such a 'position that theseveral prongs of the inductor lie opposite unwound polar projections, the magnetic flux, formerly traversing the middle polar projections and primal-yu'indings, is short circuited out side of the primary windings. Thus, when the inductor is snapped from release position the number of magnetic lines traversing the primary windings drops from a maximum to practically zero, and therefore when the interrupter contacts are opened, with a consequent action of the condenser, a high tension current is induced in the secondary circuit and a spark is caused to pass at the spark plug electrodes. The specific pole piece construction previously described has much to do with the successful operation of my improved high tension magneto machine. The pole pieces are soconsiructed that there is sufiicient permeable :oftiron to permit all of the polar projections to perform their several functions without lagging the current in the secondary circuit. T have found that in a high tension tri-polar machine of the class to which my invention relates, unless. substantially the herein described pole piece construction is employed, the iron in proximity to the secondary Windtendency for a spark to pass at the interrupter contacts of the primarycirciiit rather than at the jump spark electrodes of.-the secondary circuit.

Having thus described my invention in more or less detail, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: i

'ings serves to lag the current in the secondary circuit with the result that thereis a 1. In a magneto machine the combination with a pair of opposite! disposed and symmetrical substantially gshaped pole pieces, permanent magnets having their poles attached to said 'pole pieces, enerating windings supported by the midi said pole pieces, an inductor movable between said pole pieces and comprising four prongs, alternate prongs havingbroad faces and theother prongs bein narrow faced, each of said narrow facet prongs being closer to one of the broad faced prongs than it is to the other, spring means normally retaining each of said prongs adjacent one of the unwound projections of the pole pieces, and en ine' driven devices for oscillating the inductor and releasing it at a position'snch that the broad facedinductair prongs lie opposite the middle pole piece projections for the purpose set forth 2. A high 'tension magneto of ftl ie l clas's described comprising in combinationi-' with a permanent magnet, a, pair of oppositely disposed pole ieces each comprisingagroup of substantial y E-shaped soft iron laminae, two groups of soft iron laminae disposed one on each side of and sup 'lem'enting the middle prdjection' of the iii'sb lgroup of laminae and with thelatter constituting a single polar projection, alprim'a" wind ng lo projections of around said singletpolar projectromrmse i5.

ice projection extremi rr'induetive relationfto the each side of said first mentioned polar projections, said unwound polar projections be-. ing substantially T-shaped with the shank of the T of laminated soft iron and the wings of the T of less permeable material.

4. A pole piece of the class described comprising a middle polar projection of comparatively permeable metal adapted to support primary and secondary windings and unwound polar projections on each side of the middle rojection, said unwound polar projections being of substantially T-shape with the shank of the T of comparatively permeable material and the wings of the T of less permeable material.

5. pole piece for a magneto of the class described comprising in combination a mid- -dle'pol:ar projection adapted to support primary and secondary windings and unwound polar projections on each side of said middle projection said unwound polar projections being of substantially T-shape with the arms thereof extending crosswise of said pole piece.

6. A pole piece for a high tension magneto of the class described comprising in combination a middle polar projection adapted to support primary and secondary windings, unwound polar projections on each side of said middle projection, said unwound polar projections being of substantially T-shape, said pole piece consisting of a group of substantially" E-shaped laminae constituting the central portion. of the middle polar projection and the shanks of the T-shaped polar projections, two groups of laminae supplementing the middle projections of the E-shaped lamina: and blocks having a relatively low coefficient of magnetic permeability disposed on each-side of the E-shaped laminae and constituting the wings of the T-shaped polar projections.

7. In a high tension ma eto the combination with a pair of prlma windings, secondary windings in inductive relation thereto, a primary circuit including an interrupter, a secondary circuit inclu'dinga spark gap, a condenserin shunt of both of the primary windings and a-pair of supple mental condensers one in shunt of each of the primary windm In witness whereo I hereunto subscribe my name this 8th day of April, A. D. 1916.

HARRY F. GEIST.

Witnesses: a

' A. G. MQCALEB,

H. A. Nninononn. 

